Purpose & Use

• A vaginal speculum is a medical device used to visualize the vaginal canal and cervix during gynecological examinations, Pap smears, and minor procedures.

• Disposable versions are intended for single use, reducing the risk of cross-contamination and infection.

Material & Properties

• Made of medical-grade plastic (usually polypropylene).

• Lightweight, smooth, and safe for patient comfort.

• Transparent or semi-transparent to allow visual inspection of the vaginal walls and cervix.

Sizes & Variations

• Common sizes include:

  • Pederson: narrow, shallow blades suitable for nulliparous women or patients with small vaginal canals.

  • Graves: wider, deeper blades suitable for parous women.

  • Small, medium, and large to accommodate anatomical variation.

• Choice of size depends on patient anatomy and procedure type.

Design & Features

• Blades open to provide clear visualization of the vaginal walls and cervix.

• Thumb screw or ratchet mechanism locks blades in an open position.

• Rounded edges for patient comfort and to minimize tissue trauma.

• Some have integrated light ports to allow illumination.

Advantages of Disposable Speculums

• Single-use, eliminating the need for sterilization.

• Reduces infection risk compared to reusable metal speculums.

• Lightweight, easy to handle, and cost-effective in clinics with high patient turnover.

• Transparent plastic allows better visualization during examination.

Usage Guidelines

• Open sterile packaging just before use.

• Lubrication may be applied to improve patient comfort.

• Insert gently into the vaginal canal and open the blades carefully to visualize the cervix.

• Dispose safely after use according to medical waste protocols.

Purpose & Use

• Eye pad dressings are sterile, absorbent pads used to cover and protect the eye after injury, surgery, or infection.

• They shield the eye from dust, light, and accidental contact, while promoting healing.

• Commonly used after eye surgery, corneal abrasions, or to apply pressure in cases of bleeding or swelling.

Material & Properties

• Made of soft, absorbent cotton or gauze.

• Typically non-adherent to avoid sticking to the wound or eye surface.

• May have an adhesive strip or be used with tape to hold it in place over the eye.

• Sterile and individually packaged or folded.

Size & Packaging

• Standard size is approx. 5 × 5 cm, suitable for covering one eye.

• Pack contains 50 pads, ideal for clinics, hospitals, or frequent use.

Advantages

• Provides protection from trauma, dust, and infection.

• Absorbent material manages minor discharge or bleeding.

• Soft and comfortable for sensitive skin around the eye.

• Sterile single-use pads reduce cross-contamination.

Usage Guidelines

• Wash hands before handling the pad.

• Place the pad over the affected eye, covering it completely.

• Secure with medical tape, gauze bandage, or an eye bandage.

• Replace as advised by a healthcare provider, usually once per dressing change.

• Dispose of used pads safely to maintain hygiene.