1. Cutting and Incision Instruments

• Cataract Knife / Keratome: Creates precise corneal incisions to access the anterior chamber.

• Crescent Knife: Used for tunnel or scleral pocket incisions.

• Limbal Knife: Helps enlarge or refine incisions during surgery.

• Vannas Scissors / Westcott Scissors: For fine cutting of conjunctiva, capsule, or delicate tissue.

2. Holding and Grasping Instruments

• Fixation Forceps: Hold the eye steady during incision.

• Capsulorhexis Forceps: Used to grasp and tear the anterior capsule of the lens in a controlled circular motion.

• Iris Forceps: For manipulating or repositioning the iris.

• Colibri Forceps: For delicate tissue handling, especially corneal sutures.

3. Retracting and Supporting Instruments

• Speculum (Wire or Solid Blade): Keeps the eyelids open during surgery.

• Lens Expressor: Helps deliver the cataractous lens nucleus from the capsule.

• Iris Retractor Hooks: Used to hold the iris away from the operating field.

4. Manipulating and Extracting Instruments

• Lens Spoon / Lens Loop: Used to remove the cataractous lens.

• Iris Spatula: For gentle manipulation of the iris or lens fragments.

• Cystotome Needle: To open the anterior capsule for nucleus removal.

• Simcoe Irrigation-Aspiration Cannula: For removing cortical material after lens extraction.

5. Suturing and Closing Instruments

• Needle Holder (Castroviejo Type): Used for microsutures with fine control.

• Tying Forceps: Help in knot tying and handling ultra-fine sutures.

• Micro Scissors: For cutting sutures precisely.

6. Auxiliary and Support Items

• Syringes and Cannulas: For irrigation, aspiration, and injection of fluids.

• Spatulas / Manipulators: To position intraocular lenses (IOLs).

• Sterile Trays and Bowls: For organizing instruments and sterile solutions.