Key Components and Their Functions

1. Scalpels (Various Sizes) – For making precise incisions through skin and tissue.

2. Dissecting Scissors (Straight and Curved) – Used for cutting soft tissues, muscles, and organs.

3. Bone Saw or Rib Shears – For cutting through ribs and bones to access internal organs.

4. Forceps (Tissue and Dressing Types) – Used for grasping, holding, and lifting tissues during dissection.

5. Brain Knife – Specifically designed for removing and sectioning the brain.

6. Cartilage Knife – Used for cutting through tough tissues such as cartilage.

7. Scalpel Handles with Blades – For attaching different blade sizes depending on the incision required.

8. Dissecting Needles (Straight and Curved) – Used for separating tissues and pinpoint dissection work.

9. Bone Chisel and Mallet – For opening the skull or sternum safely.

10. Ruler and Measuring Tape – For measuring organs, wounds, or pathological findings.

11. Specimen Containers and Jars – For preserving tissue or organ samples for lab analysis.

12. Scissors (Metzenbaum/Mayo) – For cutting fine and coarse tissue structures.

13. Post-Mortem Table Accessories (Optional) – Such as trays and collection bowls for fluids and organs.

Basic Instruments

• Scalpel handle with blades

• Mayo scissors (straight and curved)

• Metzenbaum scissors

• Tissue forceps (Toothed and Non-toothed)

• Needle holders (Mayo-Hegar, Olsen-Hegar)

• Mosquito hemostats (straight and curved)

• Kelly forceps

• Sponge-holding forceps

• Allis tissue forceps

• Babcock forceps

• Kocher forceps

• Towel clamps

Retractors and Specialized Instruments

• Deaver retractor

• Richardson retractor

• Langenbeck retractor

• Doyen retractor

• Balfour self-retaining retractor with bladder blade

• Gelpi or Weitlaner retractors

Urological Instruments

• Catheter introducer

• Urethral sound set

• Bladder scissors

• Prostatic tenaculum

• Bladder forceps

• Yankauer suction tube

A Reusable Diathermy Plate — also known as a Reusable Patient Return Electrode or Reusable Grounding Pad — is a non-disposable metal electrode used in electrosurgical (diathermy) procedures to safely return current from the patient’s body to the electrosurgical unit (ESU). It provides a low-resistance path for the current, minimizing the risk of burns during monopolar surgery.