The 400-watt electrosurgical unit (ESU) is a microprocessor-controlled device that provides both monopolar and bipolar modes of operation. It can deliver a maximum output power of 400 watts, making it suitable for a wide range of surgical applications—from minor soft-tissue procedures to major operations requiring deep tissue cutting.

The machine allows precise adjustment of power levels, automatic load detection, and patient safety monitoring. It comes with cutting and coagulation modes, each optimized for smooth surgical performance and reduced tissue damage.

Typical Components and Their Uses

1. Diagnostic and Examination Instruments

• Head Mirror / Headlight: Provides illumination during examination and surgery.

• Tongue Depressor: Used to hold the tongue down during throat examination.

• Nasal Speculum: For widening the nasal passage to allow better visualization.

• Ear Speculum: Used to examine the ear canal and tympanic membrane.

• Laryngeal Mirror: Helps visualize the larynx and vocal cords.

2. Cutting and Dissecting Instruments

• Scalpels and Blades: For making precise incisions.

• Metzenbaum Scissors: For fine tissue dissection.

• Iris Scissors: For delicate cutting tasks in confined spaces.

• Mastoid Gouge and Chisel: Used in ear surgeries involving bone removal.

3. Grasping and Holding Instruments

• Alligator Forceps: For removing foreign bodies from the ear or nasal cavity.

• Tilley Nasal Forceps: Used to hold nasal packs or dressings.

• Tonsil Forceps: For gripping tonsillar tissue during tonsillectomy.

• Kocher and Allis Forceps: For holding and manipulating tissue securely.

4. Retracting and Exposing Instruments

• Mouth Gag (Davis or Boyle-Davis): Keeps the mouth open during throat surgery.

• Tongue Retractor: Used to pull and stabilize the tongue.

• Nasal Retractors: To provide exposure within nasal cavities.

5. Suction and Irrigation Instruments

• Yankauer Suction Tube: Removes fluids and maintains a clear operative field.

• Frazier Suction Tip: Provides precision suction in delicate areas like the ear canal.

6. Clamping and Hemostatic Instruments

• Mosquito and Kelly Forceps: Used to clamp small blood vessels and control bleeding.

• Tonsil Artery Forceps: Specially designed for securing vessels in tonsillar surgeries.

7. Miscellaneous Instruments

• Ear Curettes: For removing wax or tissue debris from the ear canal.

• Myringotomy Knife: Used to make incisions in the eardrum.

• Probe and Hook Set: For exploring and manipulating delicate structures.

• Suture Needle Holder: For suturing delicate tissues.